PENGALAMAN MENYUSUI PADA MASA PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR (PSBB) AKIBAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DKI JAKARTA

Febi Sukma, Dita Rahmaika Arumsari

Abstract


ABSTRAK

 

Hasil studi menyatakan bahwa 24,5 % ibu menyusui mengadapi kendala dalam menyusui. Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan esensial untuk ibu seperti konseling menyusui di rumah sakit, klinik maupun kunjungan rumah telah terganggu. DKI Jakarta memberlakukan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) pada bulan Maret 2020 untuk menekan penularan Covid-19 dan pada bulan Mei 2020 melonggarkan PSBB menjadi PSBB transisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengalaman menyusui pada masa PSBB di DKI Jakarta. Desain penelitian menggunakan analitik komparatif observasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu melahirkan di bulan Maret - September 2020 yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta. Jumlah sampel  sebanyak 70 orang dengan teknik quota sampling. Kuesioner  disebarkan pada bulan Mei – Juli 2021 melalui media sosial. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square dan Mann-Whitney menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 26. Tidak terdapat perbedaan antara masalah menyusui (p=0,471) ataupun dukungan pelayanan kesehatan (dukungan awal menyusui p=0,154; lingkungan pendukung menyusui p=0,788) pada masa PSBB ataupun PSBB transisi. Namun penggunaan dot (p=0,016), penyambung puting (p=0,025), dan pengetahuan tentang perah ASI (p=0,032) berpengaruh terhadap masalah menyusui. Pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang dampak pandemi Covid-19 akan menjadi panduan untuk mendukung ibu hamil dan ibu yang baru melahirkan dalam mempersiapkan dan menjalani masa menyusui.

 

 

Kata Kunci: menyusui;masalah menyusui;dukungan pelayanan kesehatan;pandemi Covid-19

 

ABSTRACT

 

Research proves that 24.5% of breastfeeding mothers experience breastfeeding problems. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, access to essential services such as breastfeeding counseling through hospitals, clinics, and home visits has been disrupted. DKI Jakarta implemented Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) in March 2020 to suppress the transmission of Covid-19 and in May 2020 relaxed LSSR into a transitional LSSR. Research objective is to find out the experience of breastfeeding during the PSBB period in DKI Jakarta. The research design was an observational comparative analytic. The population is mothers who gave birth in March - September 2020 and are domiciled in DKI Jakarta. The number of samples are 70 people with quota sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed in May – July 2021 through social media. Data analysis with Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests through the SPSS 26. There was no difference between breastfeeding problems (p=0,471)  or healthcare support (early breastfeeding support p=0,154; enabling environment p=0,788) during the LSSR or transitional LSSR. However, the use of pacifiers (p=0,016), nipple shield (p=0,025) and knowledge about expressing breastmilk (p=0,032) affect breastfeeding problems. A better understanding of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic will be a guide to support pregnant women and mothers who have just given birth in preparing and undergoing breastfeeding.

 

 

Keywords: breastfeeding;breastfeeding problem;healthcare support;Covid-19 pandemic


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/sjkb.v10i1.352

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